Dell Force10 E600i FTOS Version 8.4.1.5 Configuration Guide for ExaScale - Page 321

The lack of authentication in ARP makes it vulnerable to spoofing. ARP spoofing is a technique attackers use to inject false IP to MAC mappings into the ARP cache of a network device. It is used to launch man-in-the-middle (MITM), and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, among others. A spoofed ARP message is one in which MAC address in the sender hardware address field and the IP address in the sender protocol field are strategically chosen by the attacker. For example, in an MITM attack, the attacker sends a client an ARP message containing the attacker's MAC address and the gateway's IP address. The client then thinks that the attacker is the gateway, and sends all internet-bound packets to it. Likewise, the attacker sends the gateway an ARP message containing the attacker's MAC address and the client's IP address. The gateway then thinks that the attacker is the client, and forwards all packets addressed to the client to it. As a result, the attacker is able to sniff all packets to and from the client. Other attacks using ARP spoofing include: • broadcast-an attacker can broadcast an ARP reply that specifies FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF as the gateway's MAC address, resulting in all clients broadcasting all internet-bound packets. • MAC flooding-an attacker can send fraudulent ARP messages to the gateway until the ARP cache is exhausted, after which, traffic from the gateway is broadcast. • denial of service-an attacker can send a fraudulent ARP messages to a client to associate a false MAC address with the gateway address, which would blackhole all internet-bound packets from the client. Note: DAI uses entries in the L2SysFlow CAM region, a sub-region of SystemFlow. One CAM entry is required for every DAI-enabled VLAN, and you can enable DAI on up to 16 VLANs on a system. However, the ExaScale default CAM profile allocates only 9 entries to the L2SysFlow region for DAI. You can configure 10 to 16 DAI-enabled VLANs by allocating more CAM space to the L2SysFlow region before enabling DAI. SystemFlow has 102 entries by default. This region is comprised of two sub-regions: L2Protocol and L2SystemFlow. L2Protocol has 87 entries, and L2SystemFlow has 15 entries. Six L2SystemFlow entries are used by Layer 2 protocols, leaving 9 for DAI. L2Protocol can have a maximum of 100 entries, and this region must be expanded to capacity before you can increase the size of L2SystemFlow. This is relevant when you are enabling DAI on VLANs. If, for example, you want to enable DAI on 16 VLANs, you need 7 more entries; in this case, reconfigure the SystemFlow region for 122 entries: layer-2 eg-acl value fib value frrp value ing-acl value learn value l2pt value qos value system-flow 122 The logic is as follows: L2Protocol has 87 entries by default and must be expanded to its maximum capacity, 100 entries, before L2SystemFlow can be increased; therefore 13 more L2Protocol entries are required. L2SystemFlow has 15 entries by default, but only 9 are for DAI; to enable DAI on 16 VLANs, 7 more entries are required. 87 L2Protocol + 13 additional L2Protocol + 15 L2SystemFlow + 7 additional L2SystemFlow equals 122. Step 1 2 Task Command Syntax Command Mode Enable DHCP Snooping. Validate ARP frames against the DHCP Snooping binding table. arp inspection INTERFACE VLAN Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | 321