Toshiba Tecra M2V-S310 User Guide - Page 245

245 Glossary B backup-A copy of a file, usually on a removable disk, kept in case the original file is lost or damaged. basic input/output system (BIOS)-See BIOS. baud rate-The speed at which a communication device, such as a printer or modem, transmits information. Baud rate is the number of signal changes per second (not necessarily the same as bits per second). See also bits per second. BIOS (basic input/output system)-Basic instructions, stored in readonly memory (ROM), containing the information the computer needs in order to check hardware and load the operating system when you start up the computer. bit-Short for "binary digit." A bit is the smallest unit of information used by a computer. A group of eight bits is a byte. See also byte. bits per second (bps)-A way of measuring the speed at which information is passed between two devices. The basic measure used in modem communications, bps is similar, but not identical, to the baud rate. See also baud rate. boot-To start the computer. This term originates from the bootstrap program (as in "pulling itself up by its bootstraps"), a program that loads and initializes the operating system. See also reboot. boot disk-See system disk. boot priority (startup sequence)-The order in which the computer accesses its disk drives to locate the startup files. Under the default startup sequence, the computer looks for the startup files in the diskette drive before checking the hard disk. bus-An electrical circuit that connects the central processing unit (CPU) with other parts of the computer, such as the video adapter, disk drives, and ports. It is the pathway through which data flows from one device to another. See also bus speed, frontside bus. bus speed-The speed at which the central processing unit (CPU) communicates with the other parts of the computer. byte-A sequence of eight bits. A byte is the smallest addressable unit of data. See also bit, gigabyte, kilobyte, megabyte.