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Complete Block Diagram, AGB Programming Manual, System Configuration

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AGB Programming Manual System Configuration 2.2 Complete Block Diagram AGB Unit LCD Module External Unit Infrared Communi -cation Adaptor, etc. LCD Driver RGB Regulator IC 2.9"Reflective TFT Color LCD 240 x 160 x RGB Dot 32,768 Colors Displayable LCD Driver LCD Driver LCD Driver -15V 2.5V 3.3V 5V 13.6V DC-DC Converter and Regulator Power Switch CPU External WRAM 256KByte 16bit Bus 2wait 6Pin-EXP SIO Communication 8/32bit SIO General Purpose Port Multi-SIO UART JOY CPU LCD Controller VRAM 98KByte 16bit Bus CPU Internal WRAM 32KByte 32bit Bus AGB System ROM 16KByte 32bit Bus AGB 32bit CPU Core ARM7TDMI CGB 8bit CPU Core CGB System ROM 2KB Sound Volume Sound Amp Peripheral Circuit (SOUND, DMA, TIMER, I/O, etc) Prefetch Buffer 16bit x 8 AA Alkaline Battery AA Alkaline Battery 3.3V/5V Voltage Detection Circuit L Controller R A B SELECT START 4.194MHz (System 16.78MHz) 3.3V(AGB) 5V(DMG/CGB) Headphone Jack Speaker Game Pak Shape Detection Switch Switch Between AD Bus/ General Purpose Bus Gane Pak Game Pak Power 3.3V(AGB)/5V(DMG/CGB) General Purpose Bus Memory Space 64KByte Max. AD Bus Memory Space 32MByte Max. Power 3.3V AGB Game Pak(AGB Only) General Purpose Bus Memory Space 32KByte Max. Power 5V DMG/CGB Game Pak ©1999 - 2001 Nintendo of America Inc. 16 D.C.N. AGB-06-0001-002B4

Section	Page
Introduction	3
Revision History	4
Table of Contents	9
Using This Manual	12
1 AGB System	13
1.1 System Overview	13
2 System Configuration	15
2.1 CPU Block Diagram	15
2.2 Complete Block Diagram	16
2.3 Memory Configuration and Access Width	17
2.4 Little-Endian	17
3 AGB Memory	18
3.1 Overall Memory Map	18
3.2 Memory Configuration	19
3.2.1 AGB Internal Memory	19
3.2.2 Game Pak Memory	20
3.3 Game Pak Memory Wait Control	21
3.3.1 Access Timing	23
3.3.2 Game Pak Bus	24
4 LCD	25
4.1 LCD Status	26
4.1.1 V Counter	26
4.1.2 General LCD Status	27
5 Image System	29
5.1 BG Modes	31
5.1.1 Details of BG Modes	31
5.1.2 VRAM Memory Map	32
6 Rendering Functions	33
6.1 Character Mode BG (BG Modes 0-2)	33
6.1.1 BG Control	33
6.1.2 Mosaic Size	39
6.1.3 VRAM Address Mapping of BG Data	40
6.1.4 Character Data Format	42
6.1.5 BG Screen Data Format	43
6.1.6 BG Screen Data Address Mapping for the LCD Screen	45
6.1.7 BG Rotation and Scaling Features	49
6.1.8 BG Scrolling	52
6.2 Bitmap Mode BGs (BG Modes 3-5)	53
6.2.1 BG Control	53
6.2.2 BG Rotation/Scaling	54
6.2.3 Pixel Data	54
6.2.4 Pixel Data Address Mapping for the LCD Screen	55
6.2.4.1 BG Mode 3 (32,768 colors,240x160 dots,1 frame buffer)	55
6.2.4.2 BG Mode 4 (256 colors,240x160 dots,2 frame buffers)	56
6.2.4.3 BG Mode 5 (32,768 colors,160x128 dots,2 frame buffers)	57
6.3 OBJ (Object)	58
6.3.1 OBJ Function Overview	58
6.3.2 Character Data Mapping	60
6.3.3 OAM	62
6.3.4 OBJ Rotation/Scaling Feature	70
6.4 Display Priority of OBJ and BG	72
7 Color Palettes	73
7.1 Color Palette Overview	73
7.2 Color Palette RAM	74
7.3 Color Data Format	76
8 Window Feature	77
8.1 Window Position Setting	77
8.2 Window Control	78
9 Color Special Effects	80
9.1 Selection of Color Special Effects	80
9.2 Color Special Effects Processing	82
10 Sound	84
10.1 Sound Block Diagram	84
10.2 Direct Sounds A and B	85
10.3 Sound 1	87
10.4 Sound 2	91
10.5 Sound 3	93
10.6 Sound 4	97
10.7 Sound Control	100
10.8 Sound PWM Control	104
11 Timer	106
12 DMA Transfer	108
12.1 DMA 0	109
12.2 DMA 1 and 2	113
12.3 DMA 3	117
12.4 DMA Problems: How to avoid them	122
13 Communication Functions	125
13.1 8-Bit/32-Bit Normal Serial Communication	128
13.2 16-Bit Multi-player Communication	134
13.3 UART Communication Functions	142
13.4 General Purpose Communication	148
13.5 JOY Bus Communication	150
13.6 AGB Game Link Cable	154
14 Key Input	155
14.1 Key Status	155
14.2 Key Interrupt Control	155
14.2.1 Interrupt Conditions	156
15 Interrupt Control	157
15.1 System-Allocated Area in Work RAM	159
15.2 Interrupt Operation	160
15.2.1 Normal Interrupt	160
15.2.2 Multiple Interrupts	161
16 Power-Down Functions	163
16.1 Stop Function	163
16.2 Halt Function	164
17 AGB System Calls	165
17.1 System Call Operation	165
17.1.1 Normal Calls	165
17.1.2 Multiple Calls	167

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AGB Programming Manual

System Configuration

D.C.N. AGB-06-0001-002B4

2.2 Complete Block Diagram

General Purpose Bus

Memory Space

32KByte Max.

Power 5V

DMG/CGB Game Pak

RGB

Regulator IC

General Purpose

Bus Memory Space

64KByte Max.

AD Bus Memory

Space

32MByte Max.

Power 3.3V

AGB Game Pak(AGB Only)

CPU External WRAM

256KByte

16bit Bus

Controller

Game Pak Shape

Detection Switch

Sound

Amp

Sound

Volume

Speaker

Headphone

Jack

6Pin-EXP

SIO

Communi-

cation

Infrared

Communi

-cation

Adaptor,

etc.

CPU

2wait

8/32bit SIO

General Purpose

Port

Multi-SIO

UART

JOY

AGB Unit

LCD Module

4.194MHz

(System 16.78MHz)

SELECT

START

5V(DMG/CGB)

3.3V(AGB)

Switch Between AD Bus/

General Purpose Bus

Game Pak Power

3.3V(AGB)/5V(DMG/CGB)

Gane Pak

External

Unit

3.3V/5V

Voltage

Detection

Circuit

AA Alkaline Battery

Power Switch

DC-DC Converter

and Regulator

13.6V

3.3V

2.5V

-15V

VRAM

98KByte

16bit Bus

CPU Internal WRAM

32KByte

32bit Bus

AGB 32bit

CPU Core

ARM7TDMI

CGB 8bit

CPU Core

AGB System ROM

16KByte

32bit Bus

Peripheral Circuit

(SOUND, DMA, TIMER, I/O, etc)

Prefetch Buffer

16bit

LCD Controller

CGB

System ROM

2KB

2.9"Reflective TFT Color LCD

240 x 160 x RGB Dot

32,768 Colors Displayable

LCD Driver