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HP Dc7700 HP Compaq dx7300 and dc7700 Business PC Technical Reference Guide, 1 - Page 183

C.2.4 Keys, C.2.4.1 Special Single-Keystroke Functions, C.2.4.2 Multi-Keystroke Functions

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Keyboard C.2.4 Keys All keys generate a Make code (when pressed) and a Break code (when released) with the exception of the Pause key (pos. 16), which produces a Make code only. All keys with the exception of the Pause and Easy Access keys are also typematic, although the typematic action of the Shift, Ctrl, Alt, Num Lock, Scroll Lock, Caps Lock, and Ins keys is suppressed by the BIOS. Typematic keys, when held down longer than 500 ms, send the Make code repetitively at a 10-12 Hz rate until the key is released. If more than one key is held down, the last key pressed will be typematic. C.2.4.1 Special Single-Keystroke Functions The following keys provide the intended function in most applications and environments. Caps Lock-The Caps Lock key (pos. 59), when pressed and released, invokes a BIOS routine that turns on the caps lock LED and shifts into upper case key positions 40-49, 60-68, and 76-82. When pressed and released again, these keys revert to the lower case state and the LED is turned off. Use of the Shift key will reverse which state these keys are in based on the Caps Lock key. Num Lock-The Num Lock key (pos. 32), when pressed and released, invokes a BIOS routine that turns on the num lock LED and shifts into upper case key positions 55-57, 72-74, 88-90, 100, and 101. When pressed and released again, these keys revert to the lower case state and the LED is turned off. The following keys provide special functions that require specific support by the application. Print Scrn-The Print Scrn (pos. 14) key can, when pressed, generate an interrupt that initiates a print routine. This function may be inhibited by the application. Scroll Lock-The Scroll Lock key (pos. 15) when pressed and released, invokes a BIOS routine that turns on the scroll lock LED and inhibits movement of the cursor. When pressed and released again, the LED is turned off and the function is removed. This keystroke is always serviced by the BIOS (as indicated by the LED) but may be inhibited or ignored by the application. Pause-The Pause (pos. 16) key, when pressed, can be used to cause the keyboard interrupt to loop, i.e., wait for another key to be pressed. This can be used to momentarily suspend an operation. The key that is pressed to resume operation is discarded. This function may be ignored by the application. The Esc, Fn (function), Insert, Home, Page Up/Down, Delete, and End keys operate at the discretion of the application software. C.2.4.2 Multi-Keystroke Functions Shift-The Shift key (pos. 75/86), when held down, produces a shift state (upper case) for keys in positions 17-29, 30, 39-51, 60-70, and 76-85 as long as the Caps Lock key (pos. 59) is toggled off. If the Caps Lock key is toggled on, then a held Shift key produces the lower (normal) case for the identified pressed keys. The Shift key also reverses the Num Lock state of key positions 55-57, 72, 74, 88-90, 100, and 101. Ctrl-The Ctrl keys (pos. 92/96) can be used in conjunction with keys in positions 1-13, 16, 17-34, 39-54, 60-71, and 76-84. The application determines the actual function. Both Ctrl key positions provide identical functionality. The pressed combination of Ctrl and Break (pos. 16) results in the generation of BIOS function INT 1Bh. This software interrupt provides a method of exiting an application and generally halts execution of the current program. Technical Reference Guide www.hp.com C-7

Section	Page
Title	1
Contents	3
Chap_1_Introduction_final_review.pdf	7
Introduction	7
1.1 About this Guide	7
1.1.1 Online Viewing	7
1.1.2 Hardcopy	7
1.2 Additional Information Sources	7
1.3 Model Numbering Convention	7
1.4 Serial Number	9
1.5 Notational Conventions	9
1.5.1 Values	9
1.5.2 Ranges	9
1.5.3 Register Notation and Usage	9
1.5.4 Bit Notation and Byte Values	9
1.6 Common Acronyms and Abbreviations	10
Chap_2_System_Overview_final.pdf	17
System Overview	17
2.1 Introduction	17
2.2 Features	18
2.3 Mechanical Design	20
2.3.1 Cabinet Layouts	21
2.3.2 Chassis Layouts	26
2.3.3 Board Layouts	30
2.4 System Architecture	33
2.4.1 Intel Processor Support	35
2.4.2 Chipset	36
2.4.3 Support Components	37
2.4.4 System Memory	37
2.4.5 Mass Storage	38
2.4.6 Serial and Parallel Interfaces	38
2.4.7 Universal Serial Bus Interface	38
2.4.8 Network Interface Controller	38
2.4.9 Graphics Subsystem	39
2.4.10 Audio Subsystem	39
2.5 Specifications	40
Chap_3_Processor_final_review.pdf	45
Processor/Memory Subsystem	45
3.1 Introduction	45
3.2 Intel Pentium Processors	46
3.2.1 Intel Processor Overview	46
3.2.2 Processor Upgrading	48
3.3 Memory Subsystem	48
Chap_4_System_Support_final_review.pdf	53
System Support	53
4.1 Introduction	53
4.2 PCI Bus Overview	53
4.2.1 PCI 2.3 Bus Operation	54
4.2.2 PCI Express Bus Operation	58
4.2.3 Option ROM Mapping	60
4.2.4 PCI Interrupts	60
4.2.5 PCI Power Management Support	60
4.2.6 PCI Connectors	61
4.3 System Resources	63
4.3.1 Interrupts	63
4.3.2 Direct Memory Access	68
4.4 Real-Time Clock and Configuration Memory	71
4.4.1 Clearing CMOS	71
4.4.2 Standard CMOS Locations	72
4.5 System Management	72
4.5.1 Security Functions	72
4.5.2 Power Management	74
4.5.3 System Status	75
4.5.4 Thermal Sensing and Cooling	75
4.6 Register Map and Miscellaneous Functions	76
4.6.1 System I/O Map	76
4.6.2 SCH5317 I/O Controller Functions	77
Chap_5_Input-Output_Interfaces_final_review.pdf	79
Input/Output Interfaces	79
5.1 Introduction	79
5.2 SATA Interfaces	79
5.2.1 SATA Programming	79
5.2.2 SATA Connector	81
5.2.3 RAID Functionality	81
5.3 Diskette Drive Interface	82
5.3.1 Diskette Drive Programming	82
5.3.2 Diskette Drive Connector	86
5.4 Serial Interface	87
5.4.1 Serial Connector	87
5.4.2 Serial Interface Programming	87
5.5 Parallel Interface	89
5.5.1 Standard Parallel Port Mode	89
5.5.2 Enhanced Parallel Port Mode	89
5.5.3 Extended Capabilities Port Mode	90
5.5.4 Parallel Interface Programming	90
5.5.5 Parallel Interface Connector	92
5.6 Keyboard/Pointing Device Interface	93
5.6.1 Keyboard Interface Operation	93
5.6.2 Pointing Device Interface Operation	95
5.6.3 Keyboard/Pointing Device Interface Programming	95
5.6.4 Keyboard/Pointing Device Interface Connector	99
5.7 Universal Serial Bus Interface	100
5.7.1 USB Data Formats	101
5.7.2 USB Programming	102
5.7.3 USB Connector	103
5.7.4 USB Cable Data	104
5.8 Audio Subsystem	105
5.8.1 HD Audio Controller	106
5.8.2 HD Audio Interface	106
5.8.3 HD Audio Codec	107
5.8.4 Audio Programming	108
5.8.5 Audio Specifications	110
5.9 Network Interface Controller	111
5.9.1 Wake-On-LAN Support	112
5.9.2 Alert Standard Format Support	112
5.9.3 Power Management Support	112
5.9.4 NIC Programming	113
5.9.5 NIC Connector	113
5.9.6 NIC Specifications	114
Chap_6_Integrated_Graphics_final_review.pdf	115
Integrated Graphics Subsystem	115
6.1 Introduction	115
6.2 Functional Description	116
6.3 Display Modes	118
6.4 Upgrading Graphics	119
6.5 VGA Monitor Connector	120
Chap_7_Power_and_Signal_final_review.pdf	121
Power and Signal Distribution	121
7.1 Introduction	121
7.2 Power Supply Assembly/Control	121
7.2.1 Power Supply Assembly	122
7.2.2 Power Control	124
7.2.3 Power Management	127
7.3 Power Distribution	128
7.4 Signal Distribution	131
Chap_8_BIOS_ROM_final_review.pdf	135
BIOS ROM	135
8.1 Introduction	135
8.2 ROM Flashing	136
8.2.1 Upgrading	136
8.2.2 Changeable Splash Screen	137
8.3 Boot Functions	137
8.3.1 Boot Device Order	137
8.3.2 Network Boot (F12) Support	138
8.3.3 Memory Detection and Configuration	138
8.3.4 Boot Error Codes	139
8.4 Setup Utility	140
8.5 Client Management Functions	149
8.5.1 System ID and ROM Type	150
8.5.2 Temperature Status	150
8.5.3 Drive Fault Prediction	150
8.6 SMBIOS	151
8.7 USB Legacy Support	151
App_A_Error_Messages__amp__Codes_final_review.pdf	153
A.1 Introduction	153
A.2 Beep/Power LED Codes	153
A.3 Power-On Self Test (POST) Messages	154
A.4 System Error Messages (1xx-xx)	157
A.5 Memory Error Messages (2xx-xx)	158
A.6 Keyboard Error Messages (30x-xx)	159
A.7 Printer Error Messages (4xx-xx)	160
A.8 Video (Graphics) Error Messages (5xx-xx)	160
A.9 Diskette Drive Error Messages (6xx-xx)	161
A.10 Serial Interface Error Messages (11xx-xx)	162
A.11 Modem Communications Error Messages (12xx-xx)	163
A.12 System Status Error Messages (16xx-xx)	164
A.13 Hard Drive Error Messages (17xx-xx)	165
A.14 Hard Drive Error Messages (19xx-xx)	167
A.15 Video (Graphics) Error Messages (24xx-xx)	168
A.16 Audio Error Messages (3206-xx)	168
A.17 DVD/CD-ROM Error Messages (33xx-xx)	169
A.18 Network Interface Error Messages (60xx-xx)	169
A.19 SCSI Interface Error Messages (65xx-xx, 66xx-xx, 67xx-xx)	170
A.20 Pointing Device Interface Error Messages (8601-xx)	171
App_B_ASCII_Character_Set_final_review.pdf	173
B.1 Introduction	173
App_C_Keyboard_final_review.pdf	177
C.1 Introduction	177
C.2 Keystroke Processing	177
C.2.1 PS/2-Type Keyboard Transmissions	179
C.2.2 USB-Type Keyboard Transmissions	180
C.2.3 Keyboard Layouts	180
C.2.4 Keys	183
C.2.5 Keyboard Commands	186
C.2.6 Scan Codes	187
C.3 Connectors	193

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Technical Reference Guide

www.hp.com

C-7

Keyboard

C.2.4 Keys

All keys generate a Make code (when pressed) and a Break code (when released) with the

exception of the

Pause

key (pos. 16), which produces a Make code only. All keys with the

exception of the

Pause

and Easy Access keys are also typematic, although the typematic action

of the

Shift, Ctrl, Alt, Num Lock, Scroll Lock, Caps Lock

, and

Ins

keys is suppressed by

the BIOS. Typematic keys, when held down longer than 500 ms, send the Make code repetitively

at a 10-12 Hz rate until the key is released. If more than one key is held down, the last key

pressed will be typematic.

C.2.4.1 Special Single-Keystroke Functions

The following keys provide the intended function in most applications and environments.

Caps Lock

—The

Caps Lock

key (pos. 59), when pressed and released, invokes a BIOS routine

that turns on the caps lock LED and shifts into upper case key positions 40-49, 60-68, and 76-82.

When pressed and released again, these keys revert to the lower case state and the LED is turned

off.

Use of the

Shift

key will reverse which state these keys are in based on the

Caps Lock

key.

Num Lock

—The

Num Lock

key (pos. 32), when pressed and released, invokes a BIOS routine

that turns on the num lock LED and shifts into upper case key positions 55-57, 72-74, 88-90,

100, and 101. When pressed and released again, these keys revert to the lower case state and the

LED is turned off.

The following keys provide special functions that require specific support by the application.

Print Scrn

—The

Print Scrn

(pos. 14) key can, when pressed, generate an interrupt that initiates

a print routine.

This function may be inhibited by the application.

Scroll Lock

—The

Scroll Lock

key (pos. 15) when pressed and released, invokes a BIOS

routine that turns on the scroll lock LED and inhibits movement of the cursor. When pressed and

released again, the LED is turned off and the function is removed. This keystroke is always

serviced by the BIOS (as indicated by the LED) but may be inhibited or ignored by the

application.

Pause

—The

Pause

(pos. 16) key, when pressed, can be used to cause the keyboard interrupt to

loop, i.e., wait for another key to be pressed. This can be used to momentarily suspend an

operation. The key that is pressed to resume operation is discarded. This function may be ignored

by the application.

The

Esc

(function),

Insert

Home

Page Up

Down, Delete

, and

End

keys operate at the

discretion of the application software.

C.2.4.2 Multi-Keystroke Functions

Shift

—The

Shift

key (pos. 75/86), when held down, produces a shift state (upper case) for keys

in positions 17-29, 30, 39-51, 60-70, and 76-85 as long as the

Caps Lock

key (pos. 59) is

toggled off. If the

Caps Lock

key is toggled on, then a held

Shift

key produces the lower

(normal) case for the identified pressed keys. The Shift key also reverses the

Num Lock

state of

key positions

55-57, 72, 74, 88-90, 100, and 101.

Ctrl

—The

Ctrl

keys (pos. 92/96) can be used in conjunction with keys in positions 1-13, 16,

17-34, 39-54, 60-71, and 76-84. The application determines the actual function. Both

Ctrl

key

positions provide identical functionality. The pressed combination of

Ctrl

and

Break

(pos. 16)

results in the generation of BIOS function INT 1Bh. This software interrupt provides a method of

exiting an application and generally halts execution of the current program.