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Link-local Address, Subnet Masking, Stateless Autoconfiguration, Prefix Delegation, IPv6 Router

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Chapter 12 IPv6 Link-local Address A link-local address uniquely identifies a device on the local network (the LAN). It is similar to a "private IP address" in IPv4. You can have the same link-local address on multiple interfaces on a device. A link-local unicast address has a predefined prefix of fe80::/10. The link-local unicast address format is as follows. Table 49 Link-local Unicast Address Format 1111 1110 10 0 Interface ID 10 bits 54 bits 64 bits Subnet Masking Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each character (1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block's 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal characters. For example, FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000. Stateless Autoconfiguration With stateless autoconfiguration in IPv6, addresses can be uniquely and automatically generated. Unlike DHCPv6 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version six) which is used in IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration, the owner and status of addresses don't need to be maintained by a DHCP server. Every IPv6 device is able to generate its own and unique IP address automatically when IPv6 is initiated on its interface. It combines the prefix and the interface ID (generated from its own Ethernet MAC address) to form a complete IPv6 address. When IPv6 is enabled on a device, its interface automatically generates a link-local address (beginning with fe80). When the NBG's WAN interface is connected to an ISP with a router and the NBG is set to automatically obtain an IPv6 network prefix from the router for the interface, it generates another address which combines its interface ID and global and subnet information advertised from the router. (In IPv6, all network interfaces can be associated with several addresses.) This is a routable global IP address. Prefix Delegation Prefix delegation enables an IPv6 router (the NBG) to use the IPv6 prefix (network address) received from the ISP (or a connected uplink router) for its LAN. The NBG uses the received IPv6 prefix (for example, 2001:db2::/48) to generate its LAN IP address. Through sending Router Advertisements (RAs) regularly by multicast, the router passes the IPv6 prefix information to its LAN hosts. The hosts then can use the prefix to generate their IPv6 addresses. IPv6 Router Advertisement An IPv6 router sends router advertisement messages periodically to advertise its presence and other parameters to the hosts in the same network. NBG6515 User's Guide 97

Section	Page
NBG6515	1
Contents Overview	3
Table of Contents	4
User’s Guide	11
Getting to Know Your NBG	12
1.1 Overview	12
1.2 Applications	12
1.3 Ways to Manage the NBG	12
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the NBG	13
1.5 LEDs	14
1.6 The WPS Button	15
1.7 Wall Mounting	15
Connection Wizard	17
2.1 Overview	17
2.2 Accessing the Wizard	17
2.3 Connect to Internet	17
2.3.1 Connection Type: DHCP	18
2.3.2 Connection Type: Static IP	19
2.3.3 Connection Type: PPPoE	20
2.3.4 Connection Type: PPTP	21
2.4 Router Password	22
2.5 Wireless Security	23
2.5.1 Wireless Security: No Security	23
2.5.2 Wireless Security: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK	24
Introducing the Web Configurator	26
3.1 Overview	26
3.2 Accessing the Web Configurator	26
3.2.1 Login Screen	26
3.2.2 Password Screen	27
3.2.3 Home Screen	28
3.3 Resetting the NBG	30
3.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button	30
Monitor	31
4.1 Overview	31
4.2 What You Can Do	31
4.3 The Log Screen	31
4.3.1 View Log	31
4.4 DHCP Table	32
4.5 Packet Statistics	33
4.6 WLAN 2.4G Station Status	34
4.7 WLAN 5G Station Status	35
NBG Modes	36
5.1 Overview	36
5.1.1 Web Configurator Modes	36
5.1.2 Device Modes	36
Easy Mode	37
6.1 Overview	37
6.2 What You Can Do	39
6.3 What You Need to Know	39
6.4 Navigation Panel	39
6.5 Network Map	39
6.6 Control Panel	40
6.6.1 Game Engine	41
6.6.2 Power Saving	42
6.6.3 Content Filter	43
6.6.4 Bandwidth Management	44
6.6.5 Firewall	44
6.6.6 Wireless Security	45
6.6.7 WPS	46
6.7 Status Screen in Easy Mode	47
Router Mode	49
7.1 Overview	49
7.2 What You Can Do	49
7.3 Status Screen	49
7.3.1 Navigation Panel	52
Access Point Mode	56
8.1 Overview	56
8.2 What You Can Do	56
8.3 What You Need to Know	56
8.3.1 Setting your NBG to AP Mode	57
8.3.2 Accessing the Web Configurator in Access Point Mode	57
8.3.3 Configuring your WLAN, Bandwidth Management and Maintenance Settings	57
8.4 AP Mode Status Screen	57
8.5 LAN Screen	60
Universal Repeater Mode	63
9.1 Overview	63
9.2 What You Can Do	63
9.3 What You Need to Know	63
9.4 Setting your NBG to Universal Repeater Mode	64
9.5 Universal Repeater Mode Status Screen	64
9.5.1 Navigation Panel	67
9.6 AP Select Screen	67
9.6.1 Wireless LAN 2.4G	67
9.6.2 Wireless LAN 5G	69
Tutorials	72
10.1 Overview	72
10.2 Connecting to the Internet from an Access Point	72
10.3 Configuring Wireless Security Using WPS	72
10.3.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC)	73
10.3.2 PIN Configuration	74
10.4 Enabling and Configuring Wireless Security (No WPS)	75
10.4.1 Configure Your Notebook	77
Technical Reference	79
Wireless LAN	80
11.1 Overview	80
11.2 What You Can Do	80
11.3 What You Should Know	81
11.3.1 Wireless Security Overview	81
11.4 General Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G General Screen	83
11.5 General Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G Security Screen	85
11.5.1 No Security	85
11.5.2 WEP Encryption	86
11.5.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK	88
11.6 MAC Filter	89
11.7 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen	90
11.8 Quality of Service (QoS) Screen	91
11.9 WPS Screen	91
11.10 WPS Device Screen	92
11.11 Scheduling Screen	93
11.12 Guest WLAN Screen	94
IPv6	96
12.1 IPv6 Overview	96
12.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	96
12.1.2 What You Need to Know	96
12.2 General Screen	98
WAN	101
13.1 Overview	101
13.2 What You Can Do	101
13.3 What You Need To Know	101
13.3.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection	102
13.3.2 Multicast	103
13.4 Internet Connection	103
13.4.1 Ethernet Encapsulation	103
13.4.2 PPPoE Encapsulation	105
13.4.3 PPTP Encapsulation	107
13.5 Advanced WAN Screen	109
LAN	111
14.1 Overview	111
14.2 What You Can Do	111
14.3 What You Need To Know	111
14.3.1 IP Pool Setup	112
14.3.2 LAN TCP/IP	112
14.3.3 IP Alias	112
14.4 LAN IP Screen	112
DHCP Server	114
15.1 Overview	114
15.2 What You Can Do	114
15.3 General Screen	114
15.4 Advanced Screen	115
Network Address Translation (NAT)	117
16.1 Overview	117
16.2 What You Can Do	117
16.3 General NAT Screen	118
16.4 NAT Application Screen	118
16.5 NAT Advanced Screen	120
16.5.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example	121
16.5.2 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports	122
Dynamic DNS	123
17.1 Overview	123
17.2 What You Can Do	123
17.3 What You Need To Know	123
17.4 Dynamic DNS Screen	123
Static Route	125
18.1 Overview	125
18.2 What You Can Do	125
18.3 IP Static Route Screen	125
Firewall	127
19.1 Overview	127
19.2 What You Can Do	127
19.3 What You Need To Know	128
19.4 General Firewall Screen	128
19.5 MAC Filtering Rule Screen	129
19.6 IP Filtering Rule Screen	130
Content Filter	134
20.1 Overview	134
20.2 What You Can Do	134
20.3 What You Need To Know	134
20.3.1 Content Filtering Profiles	134
20.4 Content Filter Screen	135
Bandwidth Management	136
21.1 Overview	136
21.2 What You Can Do	136
21.3 What You Need To Know	137
21.4 General Screen	137
21.5 Advanced Screen	137
21.5.1 Rule Configuration: Application Rule Configuration	139
21.5.2 Rule Configuration: User Defined Service Rule Configuration	140
Remote Management	142
22.1 Overview	142
22.2 What You Can Do	142
22.3 What You Need to Know	142
22.3.1 Remote Management and NAT	142
22.3.2 System Timeout	143
22.4 WWW Screen	143
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)	144
23.1 Overview	144
23.2 What You Can Do	144
23.3 What You Need to Know	144
23.3.1 NAT Traversal	144
23.3.2 Cautions with UPnP	145
23.4 UPnP Screen	145
23.5 Technical Refereance	145
23.5.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example	146
23.5.2 Web Configurator Easy Access	148
USB Media Sharing	151
24.1 Overview	151
24.2 What You Can Do	152
24.3 What You Need To Know	152
24.4 Before You Begin	153
24.5 SMB/CIFS Screen	154
24.6 DLNA Screen	155
24.7 FTP Screen	155
24.8 Example of Accessing Your Shared Files From a Computer	156
24.8.1 Use Windows Explorer to Share Files	157
24.8.2 Use FTP to Share Files	158
Maintenance	160
25.1 Overview	160
25.2 What You Can Do	160
25.3 General Screen	160
25.4 Password Screen	161
25.5 Time Setting Screen	162
25.6 Firmware Upgrade Screen	163
25.7 Configuration Backup/Restore Screen	164
25.8 Restart Screen	166
Troubleshooting	167
26.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs	167
26.2 NBG Access and Login	168
26.3 Internet Access	169
26.4 Resetting the NBG to Its Factory Defaults	171
26.5 Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting	171
26.6 USB Device Problems	172
IP Addresses and Subnetting	174
Setting Up Your Computer’s IP Address	184
Wireless LANs	212
Common Services	225
Legal Information	229
Customer Support	239

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Chapter 12 IPv6

NBG6515 User’s Guide

Link-local Address

A link-local address uniquely identifies a device on the local network (the LAN). It is similar to a

“private IP address” in IPv4. You can have the same link-local address on multiple interfaces on a

device. A link-local unicast address has a predefined prefix of fe80::/10. The link-local unicast

address format is as follows.

Subnet Masking

Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided

into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each

character (1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block’s 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal

characters. For example, FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.

Stateless Autoconfiguration

With stateless autoconfiguration in IPv6, addresses can be uniquely and automatically generated.

Unlike DHCPv6 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version six) which is used in IPv6 stateful

autoconfiguration, the owner and status of addresses don’t need to be maintained by a DHCP

server. Every IPv6 device is able to generate its own and unique IP address automatically when

IPv6 is initiated on its interface. It combines the prefix and the interface ID (generated from its own

Ethernet MAC address) to form a complete IPv6 address.

When IPv6 is enabled on a device, its interface automatically generates a link-local address

(beginning with fe80).

When the NBG’s WAN interface is connected to an ISP with a router and the NBG is set to

automatically obtain an IPv6 network prefix from the router for the interface, it generates another

address which combines its interface ID and global and subnet information advertised from the

router. (In IPv6, all network interfaces can be associated with several addresses.) This is a routable

global IP address.

Prefix Delegation

Prefix delegation enables an IPv6 router (the NBG) to use the IPv6 prefix (network address)

received from the ISP (or a connected uplink router) for its LAN. The NBG uses the received IPv6

prefix (for example, 2001:db2::/48) to generate its LAN IP address. Through sending Router

Advertisements (RAs) regularly by multicast, the router passes the IPv6 prefix information to its

LAN hosts. The hosts then can use the prefix to generate their IPv6 addresses.

IPv6 Router Advertisement

An IPv6 router sends router advertisement messages periodically to advertise its presence and

other parameters to the hosts in the same network.

Table 49

Link-local Unicast Address Format

1111 1110 10

Interface ID

10 bits

54 bits

64 bits