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Default and User-defined Passphrases, Local Passphrase, Configuration File Passphrase Control

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Secure Sensitive Data SSD Properties 19 Default and User-defined Passphrases All devices come with a default, out-of-the box passphrase that is transparent to users. The default passphrase is never displayed in the configuration file or in the CLI/GUI. If better security and protection are desired, an administrator should configure SSD on a device to use a user-defined passphrase instead of the default passphrase. A user-defined passphrase should be treated as a well-guard secret, so that the security of the sensitive data on the device is not compromised. A user-defined passphrase can be configured manually in plain text. It can also be derived from a configuration file. (See SSD Zero-Touch Auto Configuration). A device always displays user-defined passphrases encrypted. Local Passphrase A device maintains a local passphrase which is the passphrase of its Running Configuration. SSD normally performs encryption and decryption of sensitive data with the key generated from the local passphrase. The local passphrase can be configured to be either the default passphrase or a user-defined passphrase. By default, the local passphrase and default passphrase are identical. It can be changed by administrative actions from either the Command Line Interface (if available) or the web-based interface. It is automatically changed to the passphrase in the startup configuration file, when the startup configuration becomes the running configuration of the device. When a device is reset to factory default, the local passphrase is reset to the default passphrase. Configuration File Passphrase Control File passphrase control provides additional protection for a user-defined passphrase, and the sensitive data that are encrypted with the key generated from the user-defined passphrase, in text-based configuration files. The following are the existing passphrase control modes: • Unrestricted (default)-The device includes its passphrase when creating a configuration file. This enables any device accepting the configuration file to learn the passphrase from the file. Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 260

Section	Page
Getting Started	7
Starting the Web-based Switch Configuration Utility	7
Quick Start Switch Configuration	11
Interface Naming Conventions	11
Window Navigation	13
Viewing Statistics	17
Viewing Ethernet Interfaces	17
Viewing Etherlike Statistics	18
Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics	19
Managing RMON	21
Managing System Logs	24
Setting System Log Settings	24
Setting Remote Logging Settings	26
Viewing Memory Logs	27
Managing System Files	29
Types of System Files	29
Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language	32
Downloading or Backing-up a Configuration or Log	34
Viewing Configuration Files Properties	37
Copying Configuration Files	38
DHCP Auto Configuration	39
General Administrative Information	43
Switch Models	43
System Information	45
Rebooting the Switch	47
Monitoring the Fan Status and Temperature	48
Defining Idle Session Timeout	48
Pinging a Host	49
System Time	51
System Time Options	52
SNTP Modes	53
Configuring System Time	54
Managing Device Diagnostics	61
Testing Copper Ports	61
Displaying Optical Module Status	63
Configuring Port and VLAN Mirroring	64
Viewing CPU Utilization and Secure Core Technology	66
Configuring Discovery	68
Configuring Bonjour Discovery	68
LLDP and CDP	69
Configuring LLDP	70
Configuring CDP	91
Port Management	100
Configuring Ports	100
Setting Basic Port Configuration	101
Configuring Link Aggregation	103
Configuring Green Ethernet	111
Smartports	118
Overview	118
What is a Smartport	119
Smartport Types	119
Smartport Macros	122
Macro Failure and the Reset Operation	123
How the Smartport Feature Works	124
Auto Smartport	124
Error Handling	128
Default Configuration	128
Relationships with Other Features and Backwards Compatibility	129
Common Smartport Tasks	129
Configuring Smartport Using The Web-based Interface	131
Built-in Smartport Macros	136
Managing Power-over-Ethernet Devices	148
PoE on the Switch	148
Configuring PoE Properties	151
Configuring the PoE Power, Priority, and Class	152
VLAN Management	155
VLANs	155
Configuring Default VLAN Settings	158
Creating VLANs	159
Configuring VLAN Interface Settings	160
Defining VLAN Membership	161
Voice VLAN	165
Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol	179
STP Flavors	179
Configuring STP Status and Global Settings	180
Defining Spanning Tree Interface Settings	182
Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Settings	184
Managing MAC Address Tables	187
Configuring Static MAC Addresses	188
Managing Dynamic MAC Addresses	188
Configuring Multicast Forwarding	190
Multicast Forwarding	190
Defining Multicast Properties	193
Adding MAC Group Address	195
Adding IP Multicast Group Addresses	197
Configuring IGMP Snooping	198
MLD Snooping	200
Querying IGMP/MLD IP Multicast Group	203
Defining Multicast Router Ports	204
Defining Forward All Multicast	205
Defining Unregistered Multicast Settings	206
Configuring IP Information	207
Management and IP Interfaces	207
Configuring ARP	219
Domain Name Systems	220
Configuring Security	224
Defining Users	225
Configuring RADIUS	228
Configuring Management Access Authentication	230
Defining Management Access Method	231
Configuring TCP/UDP Services	236
Defining Storm Control	237
Configuring Port Security	238
Configuring 802.1X	241
Denial of Service Prevention	247
Using the SSL Feature	249
SSL Overview	249
Default Settings and Configuration	249
SSL Server Authentication Settings	250
Secure Sensitive Data	252
Introduction	252
SSD Rules	253
SSD Properties	258
Configuration Files	261
SSD Management Channels	266
Menu CLI and Password Recovery	266
Configuring SSD	267
Configuring Quality of Service	270
QoS Features and Components	271
Configuring QoS - General	272

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Secure Sensitive Data

SSD Properties

Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide

260

Default and User-defined Passphrases

All devices come with a default, out-of-the box passphrase that is transparent to

users. The default passphrase is never displayed in the configuration file or in the

CLI/GUI.

If better security and protection are desired, an administrator should configure

SSD on a device to use a user-defined passphrase instead of the default

passphrase. A user-defined passphrase should be treated as a well-guard secret,

so that the security of the sensitive data on the device is not compromised.

A user-defined passphrase can be configured manually in plain text. It can also be

derived from a configuration file. (See SSD Zero-Touch Auto Configuration). A

device always displays user-defined passphrases encrypted.

Local Passphrase

A device maintains a local passphrase which is the passphrase of its Running

Configuration. SSD normally performs encryption and decryption of sensitive data

with the key generated from the local passphrase.

The local passphrase can be configured to be either the default passphrase or a

user-defined passphrase. By default, the local passphrase and default

passphrase are identical. It can be changed by administrative actions from either

the Command Line Interface (if available) or the web-based interface. It is

automatically changed to the passphrase in the startup configuration file, when the

startup configuration becomes the running configuration of the device. When a

device is reset to factory default, the local passphrase is reset to the default

passphrase.

Configuration File Passphrase Control

File passphrase control provides additional protection for a user-defined

passphrase, and the sensitive data that are encrypted with the key generated

from the user-defined passphrase, in text-based configuration files.

The following are the existing passphrase control modes:

•

Unrestricted

(default)—The device includes its passphrase when creating a

configuration file. This enables any device accepting the configuration file

to learn the passphrase from the file.