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Configuration guidelines

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Configuration guidelines When you configure temporary user role authorization, follow these guidelines: • To enable users to obtain temporary user roles, you must configure user role authentication. Table 10 describes the available authentication modes and configuration requirements. • Local password authentication is available for all user roles, but remote AAA authentication is available only for level-n user roles. { If HWTACACS authentication is used, use a user account that has the target user role level or a user role level higher than the target user role. For example, if the user account test has the user role level-3, you can use this user account to obtain the authorization of the level-0, level-1, level-2, or level-3 user role. By using this method, you must enter the correct username and password to pass authentication. { If RADIUS authentication is used, you must create a user account for each level-n user role in the $enabn$ format or the $enabn$@domain-name format, where n represents the user role level. By using this metehod, the username you enter is ignored. You can pass authentication as long as the password is correct. • If you execute the quit command after obtaining a temporary user role, you are logged out of the device. Table 11 Use role authentication modes Keywords local scheme local scheme scheme local Authentication mode Description Local password authentication only (local-only) The device uses the locally configured password for authentication. If no local password is configured for the user role in this mode, an AUX user can obtain the user role authorization by either entering a string or not entering anything. Remote AAA authentication through HWTACACS or RADIUS (remote-only) The device sends the username and password to the HWTACACS or RADIUS server for remote authentication. To use this mode, you must perform the following configuration tasks: • Configure the required HWTACACS or RADIUS scheme and configure the ISP domain to use the scheme for the user. For more information, see Security Configuration Guide. • Add the user account and password on the HWTACACS or RADIUS server. Local password authentication first, and then remote AAA authentication (local-then-remote) Local password authentication is performed first. If no local password is configured for the user role in this mode: • The device performs remote AAA authentication for VTY users. • An AUX user can obtain a temporary user role by either entering a string or not entering anything. Remote AAA authentication first, and then local password authentication (remote-then-local) Remote AAA authentication is performed first. If the HWTACACS or RADIUS server does not respond or the remote AAA configuration on the device is invalid, local password authentication is performed. 51

Section	Page
Title Page	1
Contents	3
Using the CLI	8
CLI views	8
Entering system view from user view	9
Returning to the upper-level view from any view	9
Returning to user view	10
Accessing the CLI online help	10
Using the undo form of a command	11
Entering a command	11
Editing a command line	11
Entering a string or text type value for an argument	12
Abbreviating commands	12
Configuring and using command keyword aliases	12
Usage guidelines	12
Configuration procedure	12
Configuring and using command hotkeys	13
Enabling redisplaying entered-but-not-submitted commands	14
Understanding command-line error messages	14
Using the command history function	15
Controlling the CLI output	16
Pausing between screens of output	16
Output controlling keys	16
Disabling pausing between screens of output	16
Numbering each output line from a display command	16
Filtering the output from a display command	17
Saving the output from a display command to a file	19
Viewing and managing the output from a display command effectively	21
Saving the running configuration	21
Login overview	22
FIPS compliance	22
Login methods at a glance	22
Logging in through the console port for the first device access	24
Logging in to the CLI	27
CLI overview	27
CLI user interfaces	27
User interface assignment	27
User interface identification	27
Login authentication modes	28
User roles	28
FIPS compliance	29
Logging in through the console/AUX port locally	29
Disabling authentication for console/AUX login (not supported in FIPS mode)	29
Configuring password authentication for console/AUX login (not supported in FIPS mode)	30
Configuring scheme authentication for console/AUX login	30
Configuring common console/AUX user interface settings	31
Logging in through Telnet (not supported in FIPS mode)	32
Configuring Telnet login on the device	33
Disabling authentication for Telnet login	33
Configuring password authentication for Telnet login	34
Configuring scheme authentication for Telnet login	35
Configuring common VTY user interface settings	36
Using the device to log in to a Telnet server	37
Logging in through SSH	38
Configuring SSH login on the device	38
Using the device to log in to an SSH server	39
Displaying and maintaining CLI login	39
Accessing the device through SNMP	41
Configuring SNMPv3 access	41
Configuring SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c access	42
Controlling user access	43
FIPS compliance	43
Controlling Telnet/SSH logins	43
Controlling Telnet logins (not supported in FIPS mode)	43
Controlling SSH logins	43
Configuration example	44
Network requirements	44
Configuration procedure	44
Controlling SNMP access	44
Configuration procedure	44
Configuration example	45
Network requirements	45
Configuration procedure	45
Configuring command authorization	46
Configuration procedure	46
Configuring command accounting	47
Configuration procedure	47
Configuring RBAC	49
Overview	49
Permission assignment	49
User role rules	49
Resource access policies	50
Predefined user roles	50
Assigning user roles	51
FIPS compliance	52
Configuration task list	52
Creating user roles	52
Configuring user role rules	53
Configuring feature groups	53
Changing resource access policies	54
Changing the interface policy of a user role	54
Changing the VLAN policy of a user role	55
Changing the VPN instance policy of a user role	55
Assigning user roles	55
Enabling the default user role function	55
Assigning user roles to remote AAA authentication users	56
Assigning user roles to local AAA authentication users	56
Assigning user roles to non-AAA authentication users on user interfaces	57
Configuring temporary user role authorization	57
Configuration guidelines	58
Configuring user role authentication	59
Obtaining temporary user role authorization	59
Displaying RBAC settings	59
RBAC configuration examples	60
RBAC configuration example for local AAA authentication users	60
Network requirements	60
Configuration procedure	60
Verifying the configuration	61
RBAC configuration example for RADIUS authentication users	61
Network requirements	62
Configuration procedure	62
Verifying the configuration	64
RBAC configuration example for HWTACACS authentication users	64
Network requirements	64
Configuration procedure	65
Verifying the configuration	67
Troubleshooting RBAC	68
Local users have more access permissions than intended	68
Symptom	68
Analysis	68
Solution	68
Login attempts by RADIUS users always fail	68
Symptom	68
Analysis	69
Solution	69
Configuring FTP	70
FIPS compliance	70
Using the device as an FTP server	70
Configuring basic parameters	71
Configuring authentication and authorization	71
Manually releasing FTP connections	71
Displaying and maintaining the FTP server	72
FTP server configuration example	72
Network requirements	72
Configuration procedure	72
Using the device as an FTP client	73
Establishing an FTP connection	73
Managing directories on the FTP server	74
Working with files on the FTP server	75
Switching to another user account	76
Maintaining and troubleshooting the FTP connection	76
Terminating the FTP connection	77
Displaying command help information	77
Displaying and maintaining FTP client	77
FTP client configuration example	77
Network requirements	77
Configuration procedure	78
Configuring TFTP	80
FIPS compliance	80
Configuring the device as an IPv4 TFTP client	80
Configuring the device as an IPv6 TFTP client	81
Managing the file system	82
File name formats	82
Managing files	83
Displaying file information	83
Displaying the contents of a text file	83
Renaming a file	83
Copying a file	83
Moving a file	84
Compressing/decompressing a file	84
Deleting/restoring a file	84
Deleting files from the recycle bin	84
Calculating the file digest	85
Managing directories	85
Displaying the current working directory	85
Changing the current working directory	85
Creating a directory	85
Removing a directory	86
Managing storage media	86
Repairing a storage medium	86
Formatting a storage medium	86
Setting the operation mode for files and folders	86
Managing configuration files	88
Overview	88
Configuration types	88
Startup configuration	88
Running configuration	88
Startup configuration loading process	89
Configuration file formats	90
Startup configuration file selection	90
Configuration file content organization and format	90
FIPS compliance	91
Enabling configuration encryption	91
Saving the running configuration	91
Configuring configuration rollback	92
Configuration task list	92
Configuring configuration archive parameters	92
Configuration guidelines	93
Configuration procedure	93
Enabling automatic configuration archiving	93
Manually archiving the running configuration	94
Rolling back configuration	94
Specifying a next-startup configuration file	95
Backing up the main next-startup configuration file to a TFTP server	96
Restoring the main next-startup configuration file from a TFTP server	96
Deleting a next-startup configuration file	96
Displaying and maintaining configuration files	97
Upgrading software	98
Overview	98
Software types	98
Comware image redundancy and loading procedure	98
System startup process	99
Upgrade methods	100
Software upgrade procedure summary	101
Preparing for the upgrade	101
Preloading the BootWare image to BootWare	101
Specifying the startup image file and completing the upgrade	102
Displaying and maintaining software image settings	103
Software upgrade configuration example	103
Network requirements	103
Configuration procedure	103
Managing the device	105
Configuring the device name	105
Setting the system time	105
Enabling displaying the copyright statement	106
Configuring banners	106
Banner types	106
Banner input methods	106
Configuration procedure	107
Disabling password recovery capability	108
Setting the operating mode	108
Rebooting the device	109
Configuration guidelines	109
Rebooting devices immediately at the CLI	109
Scheduling a device reboot	109
Scheduling a task	110
Configuration guidelines	110
Configuration procedure	110
Schedule configuration example	112
Network requirements	112
Scheduling procedure	112
Verifying the scheduling	113
Configuring the preferred airflow direction	115
Setting the port status detection timer	115
Setting memory usage thresholds	116
Verifying and diagnosing transceiver modules	117
Verifying transceiver modules	117
Diagnosing transceiver modules	118
Displaying and maintaining device management configuration	118
Using the emergency shell	120
Managing the file system	120
Obtaining a system image from an FTP/TFTP server	121
Configuring the management Ethernet interface	121
Checking the connectivity to a server	122
Accessing the server	122
Loading the system image	123
Rebooting the device	123
Displaying device information in emergency shell mode	123
Emergency shell usage example	124
Network requirements	124
Usage procedure	124
Using automatic configuration	127
Understanding automatic configuration	127
Overall automatic configuration process	127
Automatic-configuration parameter acquisition process	129
Configuration file acquisition process	130
Deploying and configuring servers for automatic configuration	131
DHCP server configuration guidelines	132
TFTP server configuration guidelines	132
Configuring Tcl	134
Restrictions and benefits	134
Entering Tcl configuration view from user view	134
Returning from Tcl configuration view to user view	134
Support and other resources	135
Contacting HP	135
Subscription service	135
Related information	135
Documents	135
Websites	135
Conventions	136
Command conventions	136
GUI conventions	136
Symbols	136
Network topology icons	137
Port numbering in examples	137

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Configuration guidelines

When you configure temporary user role authorization, follow these guidelines:

•

To enable users to obtain temporary user roles, you must configure user role authentication.

Table

describes the available authentication modes and configuration requirements.

•

Local password authentication is available for all user roles, but remote AAA authentication is

available only for level-n user roles.

{

If HWTACACS authentication is used, use a user account that has the target user role level or a

user role level higher than the target user role. For example, if the user account

test

has the user

role

level-3

, you can use this user account to obtain the authorization of the

level-0

level-1

level-2

, or

level-3

user role. By using this method, you must enter the correct username and

password to pass authentication.

{

If RADIUS authentication is used, you must create a user account for each level-n user role in the

$enab

format or the

$enab

domain-name

format, where

represents the user role level.

By using this metehod, the username you enter is ignored. You can pass authentication as long

as the password is correct.

•

If you execute the

quit

command after obtaining a temporary user role, you are logged out of the

device.

Table 11

Use role authentication modes

Keywords

Authentication mode

Description

local

Local password

authentication only

(local-only)

The device uses the locally configured password for

authentication.

If no local password is configured for the user role in this

mode, an AUX user can obtain the user role authorization by

either entering a string or not entering anything.

scheme

Remote AAA authentication

through HWTACACS or

RADIUS (remote-only)

The device sends the username and password to the

HWTACACS or RADIUS server for remote authentication.

To use this mode, you must perform the following

configuration tasks:

•

Configure the required HWTACACS or RADIUS scheme

and configure the ISP domain to use the scheme for the

user. For more information, see

Security Configuration

Guide

•

Add the user account and password on the HWTACACS

or RADIUS server.

local scheme

Local password

authentication first, and then

remote AAA authentication

(local-then-remote)

Local password authentication is performed first.

If no local password is configured for the user role in this

mode:

•

The device performs remote AAA authentication for VTY

users.

•

An AUX user can obtain a temporary user role by either

entering a string or not entering anything.

scheme local

Remote AAA authentication

first, and then local

password authentication

(remote-then-local)

Remote AAA authentication is performed first. If the

HWTACACS or RADIUS server does not respond or the

remote AAA configuration on the device is invalid, local

password authentication is performed.